substitute

I substitute honey for sugar.

The principal substituted for our teachar who was ill.

charge

They charged me (twelve dollars) for the broken window.

物が主語の場合は、
It cost me twelve dollars to have the broken window repaired.

charge oneself with the care of the children （ゆだねる、負わせる、託す）

The judge has charged the jury to make a fair decision over the case. （指令する、説諭する）

He was charged with assault and battery. (= He was accused of assault and battery.)

charge his glass with wine

charge for admission

fill

The pupils filled the hall.

The job filled every minute of her day.

The news filled him with sorrow.

The hall filled rapidly.

endow

[indáu]

endow a scholarship

The tycoon endowed each son with a million dollars.
Nature endowed her with both a good mind and good looks.

relieve

Take this medicine to relieve your headache.

Her humorous remark relieved the tension I felt.

The medicine soon relieved the patient (from pain).

relieve him from sorrow

I was relieved (to hear) that there had not been a fight.

cure

The docter cured the pain in my back. （痛みを取り除く）

cure a bad habit like smoking （喫煙のような悪い習慣を取り除く）

cure a patient of a disease
cure him of his heavy drinking

There is no cure for the common cold.

clear

She cleared the roads of snow. = She cleared snow from the roads.

rob, deprive

She was robbed of her rings last night.
They robbed the bank of its money.

People were deprived of their political rights.

excuse

excuse the child for his absence = excuse the child's being absent

He excused himself for his bad behavior. （言い訳する）

make a poor excuse for avoiding work
Please make my excuses for absence to your mother.

accuse, blame

accuse her of stealing a car （訴える）
accuse him of carelessness (= blame him for carelessness)

They blamed her for having left there.
I blamed the accident on him. = I blamed him for the accident.

He is to blame for it. = He is to be blamed for it. （責任がある、責めを負うべきである）

help

He helped (to) change a tire.

She helped me (to) carry the chairs out.

help him with his homework
help one's mother in preparing breakfast（動名詞の場合は in）
They helped him in his escape. （困難で努力を要する仕事の場合は in ）

I cannot help laughing at her. （～せずにはいられない）

rid

rid - rid [ridded] - rid [ridded]

rid a house of mice = rid mice from [out of] a house. （家からねずみを取り除く）

I am glad to be rid of her. （～から解放される）

I can't get rid of a cold in the head. （～から抜け出す）

動詞+名詞+前置詞

Would you take part in the project? (= participate in, join)

He took advantage of the good weather to do some gardening. （～を利用する）
She gains[gets] an advantage over me in speaking Chinese. （～をしのぐ、～より勝る）
He had the advantage of knowing the language. （～という強みをもつ）

I take [have] (a) pride in my parents. （～を自慢する、誇りにする）

take [have, cast, get, give, shoot, steal, throw] a look at ~ （～を見る）
take a good [close] look at the paper.

No fault is found with his work. = We cannot find fault with his work. (= criticize)

give rise to misunderstandings (= cause)

Don't make fun of him because he cannot write his name. （～をからかう）

make little of ~ （～をけなす、少ししか理解できない）
make much of ~ (= value)
What do you make of the poem?
I could make nothing of it.

take account of him = take him into account (= consider)

動詞+前置詞、動詞+副詞

He takes after his father in disposition. (= resemble, 似ている）

The strain told on her. (= affect, 影響する）

I'll call at[in] her house tomorrow. （立ち寄る）
call for help （を声を上げて求める）
He called on Mrs.Winslow at her townhouse. (= visit)

How did the accident come about? (= happen)
He came across to us as honest. （～だと思われる）
Where did you come across the rare stamps? （出くわす、遭遇する）
You came across my mind. (= occur to)

The cat ran after a mouse. (= chase)

I'll talk the matter over with my father. (= discuss)

I can't think of my youth. (= remember)

get to the station (= reach)
get over the wall （乗り越える）
She got over her difficulties. (= overcome)

The law has gone through Parliament.
go through hardships (= experience)

part from one's friend （～と別れる）

provide for the future (= prepare for)
provide against the accident (= prepare against)
provide for a family (= support)

I am not referring to you. （～に言及する）
I referred to the company for his career. （～を参照する、～に問い合わせる）

That accounts for the accident. (= explain)

This adds to our troubles. (= increase)

allow for unexpected expenses (= consider)

UN stands for United Nations. （～を表す、意味する）
Please stand by me when the need arises. (= support)

inquire

inquire the way of [from] him
I inquired where to go.
I inquired of her what made him angry.

He inquired of me about the way to the library.

inquire into the accident (= look into, investigate）

I inquired after him. （見舞う）

look

look away from him
look carefully at her from behind
look in one's pocket for some money (= search one's pocket for some money)

I'm looking forward to seeing you.

Look after yourself.

look into his face (中をのぞく）
The police will look into the cause of the fire. （調査する、調べる = investigate)

He is looked up to as a pioneer. (尊敬する）
He is looked down on as a lier. （軽蔑する）

He always looks to me for help [ to help him].

deal

She dealt out two oranges to each guest.
A judge should deal (out) justice to all.
He dealt seven cards to each of us.
He dealt me a sharp punch on the chin.

This shop deals in kitchen utensils.

His lecture dealt with air pollution.

I've dealt with this store for years.

agree

I cannot agree with you.
I cannot agree to his proposal.
I cannot agree on that point.
Milk does not agree with me.

We agreed that we (should) start early.